applications

CELL RUPTURE Strain: Schizosaccharomyces pombe Machine: EmulsiFlex-C160 Pressure: 28000psi/193MPa Sample cfu/ml % viable % NOT viable control 5.1 x 107 ~100 ~0 1 pass 5.0 x 103 0.01 99.99 Strain: E. coli (BL21) Machine: EmulsiFlex-C160 Pressure: 20000psi/138MPa Sample cfu/ml % viable % NOT viable control 4.06 x 109 ~100 ~0 1 pass 1.77 x 107 0.44 99.56 2 passes 1.70 x 106 0.04 99.96 3 passes 2.4 x 104 5.9 x 10-4 ~100

Schizosaccharomyces pombe after one pass at 28000 psi/193MPa through the EmulsiFlex-C160. Only cell fragments remain.

DISPERSIONS A whole range of dispersions can be run through EmulsiFlex high-pressure homogenizers to reduce particle size as well as make the size distribution uniform. EmulsiFlex homogenizers are involved in the processing of dispersions such as drug dispersions, herb extracts, industrial coatings, and pigments. Shown is a sample of a dry crystalline (amorphous) powder run through an EmulsiFlex homogenizer at 25000 psi/173 MPa.

LIPOSOMES AVESTIN's high pressure homogenizers are used all over the world for liposome research and production. Only EmulsiFlex homogenizers offer the combination of high pressure homogenization, high pressure membrane filtration or a combined, homogenization/filtration process.

Liposomes prepared using the EmulsiFlex high-pressure homogenizer, extruder, or both in combination. Combined homogenization yields 113.7 nm in one pass and 89.9 nm in two passes.

EMULSIONS Oil In Water Emulsion Sample Pressure (psi) Diameter (nm) unprocessed - 656 1 pass 16,000 77 3 passes 16,000 59 5 passes 16,000 42 Pharmaceutical Emulsion Sample Homogenizing Mean Droplet Pressure (psi) Diameter (nm) control - 3,500 1 pass 20,000 590 3 passes 20,000 185 5 passes 20,000 140

Pharmaceutical drug emulsion 'A' before processing. The starting particle size is large (5-10 microns) and the distribution wide.

Pharmaceutical emulsion 'A' after processing at 18000psi/124MPa. Note the dramatic reduction in size (52nm) and the narrower distribution.

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